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VR Continuum of Services

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Since the amendments to the Rehabilitation Act made by title IV of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA), the vocational rehabilitation (VR) program can be characterized as providing a continuum of services beginning with pre-employment transition services (Pre-ETS) for students with disabilities in the early stages of career and employment exploration.

We created this simple continuum to provide a very basic overview of these services. Feel free to share it with others.

VR Continuum of Services

Pre-ETS Services

  • earliest set of services for potentially eligible or eligible students with disabilities
  • short term in nature to help identify career interests
  • specific set of five required activities provided directly to students with disabilities under Pre-ETS
  • states must reserve a minimum of 15% of federal funds to provide Pre-ETS services

Transition Services

  • available for eligible students with disabilities through an IPE
  • help further develop and pursue career interests through post-secondary education, vocational training, job search, job placement, job retention, job follow-up and job follow-along services

Employment Related Services

  • typically provided once eligible students with disabilities have further identified, developed and pursued career interests, offered through transition services, and are pursuing specific employment outcomes through an IPE
  • assist in preparing for, securing, retaining, advancing in or regaining an employment outcome